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In order to further understanding of the
control mechanisms in the hand, we have developed a dynamic
3-D model of the index finger using what we knew about the
neuromuscular process and what we learned from cadaveric studies.
Geometric properties of muscles of interest were recorded in previous
experiments, and in the experiment following, each muscle is loaded with
forces while resultant fingertip forces and extensor hood stress are
recorded with load cell and camera system. The model simulates the
finger biomechanics and predicts finger movement generated by specific
EMG signal that excites the muscles.
Weakness
in the upper extremity often follows stroke. We
are delineating
the
pathological changes that occur following injury such as stroke,
especially changes in functional grasp and release characteristics,
coactivation between the upper limb and hand muscles, and passive
muscle
properties. We utilize tools such as force sensors, torque cells, and
MRI and ultrasonography. 
Finally,
we
are developing
and
testing assistive devices that can be used at home and in
therapy. Current
rehabilitation after stroke focuses on functional tasks that
are important to maintaining or gaining independence in activites of
daily living, and often includes the practice of walking, dressing, and
eating. Hand function, therefore, often remains significantly impaired
in chronic stroke survivors. Our assistive devices are meant to mediate
practice of grasp and release tasks to facilitate finger extension
after stroke. These devices are used in conjunction with virtual
reality environments or activities of daily living in hope they will
accelerate hand rehabilitation.
